Union Catalogue of Manuscripts from the Islamicate World

Persian MS 599 (The John Rylands Research Institute and Library, The University of Manchester)

Persian Manuscripts

Contents

Summary of Contents: The Timurid court poet and renowned Sufi ‘Abd al-Raḥman Jāmī (1414–1492) originally composed the Bahāristān (Spring Garden) in 892 AH (1487 CE). Modelled upon the Gulistān (Rose Garden) of Saʻdī, he divided the work into eight chapters or 'gardens' (rawz̤ah) devoted to Sufi saints and philosophers, the topics of justice, generosity, love, and comedy, as well as a highly esteemed section on poetic literature, and the last regarding animals. This manuscript, probably completed in India in 1260 AH (1844 CE) contains nine illustrations and appears to be the latest copy of this work held in the Rylands' collections.
Incipit: (basmalla) برگ ۲پ (folio 2b): چو مرغ امر ذی بالی ز آغاز * نه از نیروی حمد آید به پرواز.
Explicit: برگ ۵۴پ (folio 54b): بوقت شد آخر که تاریخ هجرت * شود هفتدار همچون(؟) هشت بروی فزایی.
Colophon: برگ ۵۴پ (folio 54b): تحریر بتاریخ ۲۸ ماه ربیع [ا]لوال سنه ۱۲٦۰ یوم جمعه تحریر یافت. این کتاب بهارستان بنام عبد الله شاه تحریر یاف(؟)
Colophon: Completed ‘in the name of ‘Abd Allāh Shāh’, possibly the patron or scribe, on 28 Rabī‘ I 1260 (15 June 1844).
Language(s): Persian

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Indian laid handmade paper, ~1.5 mm between laid lines, no discernible chain lines. Endpapers of pale yellow, unwatermarked European laid handmade paper.
Extent: 56 folios (ff. i + 56 + i)
Dimensions (leaf): 238 × 151 mm.
Dimensions (written): 115 × 187 mm.
Foliation: Modern foliation in Arabic numerals in pencil on the upper-right corners of the a sides.

Collation

Unusual, alternating binions and quinternions: 1V(10)1II(14)1V(25)1II(28)1V(38)1II(42)1V(52)1II(56). Catchwords throughout on the b sides.

Condition

In good condition, with some recent paper repairs executed on the margins.

Layout

Single column, 13 lines per page. The written surface area varies in height. Ruled with a misṭarah hand guide.

Hand(s)

Copied in a hasty nasta‘līq script in black ink, with verse markers and subheaders marked in red.

Decoration

Illumination: Headpiece on folio 1b, hastily rendered in blue, orange, pink, green, and gold. Marginal ruling throughout, with a wide rule painted in pale ochre imitating gold that is outlined on both sides with thin black single and double lines, surrounded by single lines of red and blue.

Illustrations: Nine illustrations, with space for another one never completed, hastily rendered in bright colours and embellished in gold by an unknown artist in the mid-19th-century. Perhaps completed in Kashimir, the depictions recall popular portraits of the last Mughal rulers Akbar Shāh II (b. 1760 r. 1806–1837) and Muhammad Bahadur Shah II (1775-1862; r. 1837–1857). Unfortunatley, a bookbinder trimmed off many captions written vertically on the fore-edge when binding the volume.

  • 14a 90 × 100 mm. Iskandar and his troops approach Jahāngīr Shāh in his fortress.
  • 17b 78 × 101 mm. Ruler seated against a yellow cushion on a raised throne set on a veranda with two standing attendants, one before him bearing a dish, and the other fanning him from behind.
  • 19a 90 × 102 mm. Ruler seated against a pink cushion set on a veranda with two men seated before him, while a guard stands in the foreground.
  • 21a 90 × 102 mm. Ruler seated against a pink cushion on a raised throne set on a veranda with a man seated before him while an attendant fans him from behind.
  • 28b 90 × 102 mm. Ruler wearing a turban seated against a pink cushion on a raised throne set on a veranda with two standing men, one before him while another is behind him with his arm raised (perhaps missing his fan?).
  • 30a 65 × 102 mm. Unpainted, but captioned.
  • 32a 75 × 104 mm. A bearded sage wears a yellow turban and sits against a pink cushion by a door converses with young man seated before him.
  • 40b 80 × 102 mm. Man enters a door before a seated female figure. Uncaptioned.
  • 49a 90 × 100 mm. Man seated before a seated ruler on a veranda with a male attendant fanning the latter from behind.
  • 51a 76 × 102 mm. Man seated before a seated female on a veranda. Caption states that it depicts a dervish.

Additions:
  • Bookplates: left paste-down, ‘Bibliotheca Lindesiana’ with shelf mark ‘F/6’, and ‘Hamilton MSS No. 516’.

Binding

Sewn at four stations without supports. Bound in full, tight backed, semi-limp red goatskin leather without a flap (Type III binding per Déroche), without endbands.

Cover decorated with gilt leather onlays with a central mandorla featuring a lily design and detached palmette pendants (note only the bottom pendant remains on the right cover). Blind tooled margins and cross-cross vertical, horizontal, and diagonal lines through the centres. Thick and thin ruled lines in grayish-white paint frame the perimeters of the boards, with additional radiating lines in the same paint.

237 × 158 × 11 mm.

In good condition.

History

Origin: Completed either by or for one ‘Abd Allāh Shāh, probably in India; 28 Rabī‘ I 1260 (15 June 1844) AH.

Provenance and Acquisition

Subsequently acquired by Colonel George William Hamilton (1807-1868) who served in India from 1823 to 1867, latterly as Commissioner in Delhi. He acquired over a thousand Indian and Persian manuscripts from which the British Museum selected 352 after his death, now held in the British Library.

Alexander Lindsay, 25th Earl of Crawford (1812–1880), purchased the remainder in 1868.

Purchased by Enriqueta Rylands (1843–1908) (1843–1908) in 1901 from James Ludovic Lindsay, 26th Earl of Crawford (1847–1913).

Bequeathed by Enriqueta Rylands (1843–1908) in 1908 to the John Rylands Library.

Record Sources

Bibliographical description based on an index created by Reza Navabpour circa 1993, derived from a manuscript handlist by Michael Kerney, circa 1890s and his Bibliotheca Lindesiana, Hand-list of Oriental Manuscripts: Arabic, Persian, Turkish, 1898.

Manuscript description by Jake Benson in 2021 with reference to the volume.

Availability

To book an in-person or online appointment to consult the manuscript, visit Using the Special Collections Reading Rooms. For any other enquiries please email uml.special-collections@manchester.ac.uk.

Digital Images

Manchester Digital Collections (full digital facsimile)

Bibliography

Funding of Cataloguing

Iran Heritage Foundation

The John Rylands Research Institute


Comments

Comment on this record

Please fill out your details.

How are we using your feedback? See our privacy policy.

See the Availability section of this record for information on viewing the item in a reading room.

TO TOP