Union Catalogue of Manuscripts from the Islamicate World

Persian MS 87 (The John Rylands Research Institute and Library, The University of Manchester)

Persian Manuscripts

Contents

Summary of Contents: Poet Bāqir ‘Alī Khān ibn Ghulām Ṣādiq ‘Alī Khān flourished during the reign of the Mughal ruler Muḥammad Shāh (b. 1702 r. 1719–1748). He completed this mystical rhymed commentary entitled Rumūz al-Ṭāhirīn (Symbols of the Pure) discussing sublteties, symbols, and metaphors in the Mas̱navī-yi Ma‘navī (Spiritual Couplets) of Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī. Divided into six daftar which opens with the initial couplets of each book of Rūmī's work, the author indicates the date of completion in a chronogram to 1142 AH (1729–1730 CE). The centres of all leaves of this manuscript are finely sprayed in gold ink surrounded by gilt maginal ruling throughout. Although unsigned and undated, a seal impression of Nawwāb Muḥammad ‘Abd al-Ḥusayn Khān Rā’īs al-Umarā’ Ḥāfiẓ al-Mulk, Sirāj al-Dawlah, Sirāj al-Mamālik Bahādur, Sardār Jang (fl. early 19th c.), dated 1215 AH (1800–1801) provides terminus ante quem for this volume.
Author and Compositor: Bāqir ‘Alī Khān ibn Ghulām Ṣādiq ‘Alī Khān ;
باقر علی ابن غلام علی خان
Incipit: (basmalla) | به‌ بسم‌الله عنوان‌ ديوان‌ كن‌ * بود فتح‌ و مفتاح‌ صوت‌ و سخن هزار آفرین باد بر جان * ز پیدائی خویش گشته نهان
Explicit: آمد از الهام غنی این خطاب * کن رموز الطاهرین نام کتاب | هین بیا باقر علی وقت دعاست * عشق فارغ از بیان گفته‌هاست | ای کریم متعان از فضل وجود * از قبولت یافت هر نابود بود | این سخن چون هست اسرار شهان * از قبولیت تو بر کرسی نشان
Colophon: جستم از دل سال اتمام کتاب * داد از الهام غینی این جواب | سال اتمامش در این مصرع بین * سر قرآن با رموز طاهرین
Colophon: The colophon only states the year that the author completed the work in a chronogram ‘sar-i Qur'ān bā rumūz-i ṭahirīn’ that equals 1142 AH.
Language(s): Persian

Note that Kerney misidentifies this as an anonymous work, while both Sprenger and Ivanow micalculate the chronogram as 1139 AH (1726 CE), when it actually corresponds to 1142 AH, as written in the adjacent margin in Hindu-Arabic numerals within this manuscript.

Physical Description

Form: codex
Support: Textblock of mixed straight and cross-grained, externally sized and polished, ivory-coloured paper probably handmade in the Indian subcontinent with ~8 laid lines per cm and no discernible chain lines.
Extent: Unknown folios, 2 flyleaves (ff. xii + ? + xiv).
Dimensions (leaf): 238 × 137 mm.
Dimensions (written): 173 × 91 mm.
Foliation: Unfoliated.

Collation

Undetermined. Catchwords throughout most of the lower-left corners of the b sides.

Condition

In fair condition, with moderate water and insect damage and historical repairs, especially at the beginning and end.

Layout

Written in 1 column with 14 lines per page. Ruled with a misṭarah hand guide.

Hand(s)

Written in clear nasta‘līq script with red subheaders.

Binding

Probably originally bound soon after completion, with the spine later replaced, probably for former owner Alexander Lindsay.

Wove endpapers and stiff-leaved straight-waved 'Spanish'-patterned marbled papers added to the beginning and end, then resewn on three recessed cords laced into the original pasteboards. Edges trimmed, coloured yellow, and front-bead decorative endbands of white and dark indigo silk threads sewn at head and tail. Originally covered in full maroon goatskin leather over pasteboards with squares along the edges and without a flap (type III binding per Déroche). Spine subsequently replaced in artificially pebble-brained Morocco goatskin leather.

Original boards bear onlays central mandorlas bering foliate scrollwork with trefoils, detached pendants of maple or hemp leaves, and cornerpieces serrated leaves and trefoils all blocked in silver leaf, subsequently tarnished. After rebacking, spine palleted with a decorative roll of cruciform chain links and quatrefoils within alternating sunbursts and solid insular dots, with rope tools ond dotted scalloped lines with bifoils on either side. title panel lettered:
‘RUMŪZ
AL
TĀHIRĪN’.

249 × 251 × 27 mm.

Binding in good condition with minor abrasion to the exterior and tight opening to the gutter margins.

Seal(s):
Folio 1a bears two black, rectangular seal impressions intaglio-carved in nasta‘līq script, double-ruled, one obscured by repairs and another partly legible.

1:Partial seal impression in two stacked nasta‘līq script lines, double-ruled that possibly reads:
‘غلا
خا’
‘Khā⟨lid?⟩ Ghu⟨lām?⟩...?’
15 × 14 mm.

2:Partially legible flooded seal impression in three stacked lines read from bottom to top, bears the name of former owner Nawwāb Muḥammad ‘Abd al-Ḥusayn Khān Rā’īs al-Umarā’ Ḥāfiẓ al-Mulk, Sirāj al-Dawlah, Sirāj al-Mamālik Bahādur, Sardār Jang (fl. early 19th c.), dated 1215 AH (1800–1801):
‘رئيس الامرأ عبد الحسين محمد ١٢١٥’
‘Ra'īs al-Umarā' ‘Abd al-Ḥusayn Muḥammad 1215’ 18 × 23 mm.

History

Origin: Probably completed in the Indian subcontinent; undated, but completed before circa 1215 AH (1800–1801) as per the seal impression of Nawwāb Muḥammad ‘Abd al-Ḥusayn Khān Rā’īs al-Umarā’ Ḥāfiẓ al-Mulk, Sirāj al-Dawlah, Sirāj al-Mamālik Bahādur, Sardār Jang (fl. early 19th c.) on folio 1a.

Provenance and Acquisition

Owned or inspected by another person, possibly named Khālid... Ghulām as per his seal impression on folio 1a.

While the circumstances under which this manuscript arrived in Britain remains unclear, scholar Nathaniel Bland (1803–1865) acquired the volume for his library at Randalls Park, Leatherhead.

After Bland's death, London bookseller Bernard Quaritch (1819–1899) sold his oriental manuscripts to Alexander Lindsay, 25th Earl of Crawford (1812–1880) in June, 1866, paid in two instalments of £450 and £400, and then moved to Bibliotheca Lindesiana at Haigh Hall, Wigan.

Purchased by Enriqueta Rylands (1843–1908) in 1901 from James Ludovic Lindsay, 26th Earl of Crawford (1847–1913).

Bequeathed by Enriqueta Rylands (1843–1908) in 1908 to the John Rylands Library, Manchester.

Record Sources

Bibliographical description based on an index created by Reza Navabpour circa 1993, derived from a manuscript catalogue by Michael Kerney, circa 1890s, concisely published as Bibliotheca Lindesiana, Hand-list of Oriental Manuscripts: Arabic, Persian, Turkish, 1898.

Manuscript description by Jake Benson in 2025 with reference to the volume in hand.

Availability

To book an in-person or online appointment to consult the manuscript, visit Using the Special Collections Reading Rooms. For any other enquiries please email uml.special-collections@manchester.ac.uk.

Bibliography

    M. Ashraf. A Concise Descriptive Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the Salar Jung Museum and Library, Vol. V (Hyderabad: Salar Jung Museum and Library, 1969), pp. 261–262, nos. 2078–2079 [Salar Jung A./Nm. 538 and 539].
    M. Dirāyatī and M. Dirāyatī, Fihristgān: Nuskhahʹhā-yi Khaṭṭī-i Īrān (Fankhā) (Union catalogue of Iran manuscripts), Vol. 16 (Tehran: Sāzmān-i Asnād va Kitābkhānah-i Millī-i Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Īrān, 1391 SH [2012–2013 CE]), p. 829 [Dānishgāh Iṣfahān ms. no. 568].
    V. Ivanow, Concise descriptive catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the collection of the Asiatic society of Bengal, Vol. 1 (: , 1924), p. 385, no. 847 [Asiatic Society of Bengal Na. 53].
    D. N. Marshall, Mughals in India: A Bibliographical Survey. Vol. 1. Manuscripts (Bombay: Asia Publishing House, 1962), p. 106, no. 326(i).
    E. Rehatsek, Catalogue of the Persian manuscripts in the British Museum, Vol. I (Bombay: Mulla Firuz Library, 1873), p. 150, no. 79.
    A. Sprenger, A Catalogue of Arabic, Persian and Hindustany Manuscripts in the Libraries of the King of Oudh. (Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1854), p. 373, no. 163.
    C. Stewart A Descriptive Catalogue of the Oriental Library of the Late Tippoo Sultan of Mysore To which are Prefixed, Memoirs of Hyder Aly Khan, and His Son Tippoo Sultan (London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, 1809), p. 76, no. CXVI
    C. A. Storey, Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, Vol. IV, Pt. 4: Sufism (Leiden: Brill, 2020)no. 639(74).

Funding of Cataloguing

Iran Heritage Foundation

The John Rylands Research Institute

The Persian Heritage Foundation


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